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Muscle conditions and swallowing
Some muscle conditions affect the muscles of the face and throat. A short guide.
Awaiting clinical review. This page is written from general, widely accepted background on how eating and swallowing work. It has not yet been signed off by a named clinician, and it is not a substitute for asking one.
Why swallowing can change
Muscular dystrophies and myopathies weaken muscles. In some types, that includes the face, tongue and throat.
Oculopharyngeal and myotonic dystrophy are two types where swallowing often changes.
What you might notice
- Chewing takes more effort.
- Food feels stuck, or needs a drink to go down.
- Coughing when you eat or drink.
- Meals take longer.
What can help
These are options. Weigh them against what you enjoy.
- Smaller bites, and moist foods.
- Resting before meals.
- A swallow check can show what is happening. An SLP can explain the options it points to.
- Changing textures helps some people. It can also make food less enjoyable.
Questions to ask your care team
- Does my type of muscle condition affect swallowing?
- Would a swallow test help me now?
- How often should we check again as things change?
- Could breathing muscles affect my cough?
When to get help
Get checked soon if you notice any of these. A doctor or SLP can look at what is going on.
You know your own body best. Bring what you notice to your care team, and decide together.
- Coughing or choking when you eat or drink.
- Food or pills that feel stuck.
- Losing weight without trying.
- Pneumonia or chest infections, especially if they come back.
When this is worth asking about
- Someone cannot breathe, speak or cough. Call 911.
- Coughing or choking at many meals.
- Weight loss, or chest infections.